The Constitution Of The United States Essay - 1654 Words

In May of 1787, fifty-six delegates from the newly founded thirteen states of the United States of America met in Pennsylvania to amend the ineffective Articles of Confederation. In doing so, they drafted a Constitution that would serve as the law of land for that thirteen states and any others that would join the Union. The Framers designed the Constitution for the purpose that it could be amended in the future. This is because they would not be able to foresee all the circumstances that the state would face in the future, therefore they wanted it to be able to be easily amended in the future. Today, lawmakers in Washington D.C. are trying to utilize this structure to pass what would be known as a State Repeal Federal Laws amendment. The power to amend the Constitution comes from Article V of the Constitution of the United States of America. An amendment can be proposed through joint resolution by Congress with two- thirds approval in both houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate (Constitutional Amendment Process, Cox, Zernike). A joint resolution is a measure approved by both houses of Congress and is signed by the President (Constitutional Amendment Process). However, the President does not have any power in amending the Constitution, so the states’ Governors receive information regarding the amendment and present it to the state legislature for approval (Constitutional Amendment Process). Another way that an amendment can be proposed is through aShow MoreRelatedThe United States Constitution And The Constitution Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States Constitution, this very detailed group of words was written in 1787, but it did not take effect until after it was ratified in 1789 , when it replaced the Articles of Confederation. It remains the basic law of the United States then and till the present day of 2016. The first state to ratify the Constitution was Delaware; the last of the original thirteen to ratify was Rhode Island and since only nine were required, this was two years after it went into effect. When the U.S. ConstitutionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Constitution Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pages(framers’ of the U.S. Constitution) position on the Presidency: The framers experienced the abuse of the English monarchs and their colonial governors. As a result, the framers were skeptical of the excessive executive authority. Furthermore, they also feared excessive legislative powers. This was something that the Articles of Confederation had given their own state legislatures. The framers of the constitution deliberately fragmented power between the national government, the states, and among the executiveRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States885 Words   |  4 Pages In 1787, our founding fathers came up with a few principles that would establish what we now know as the United States of America. These principles were put on paper to serve as a guideline for how the United States would be operated and structured. This historical piece paper became known as the Constitution of the United States. In the Constitution, a Preamble is implemented at the beginning that essentially tells what the founding fathers set out to do. â€Å"We The People, in order to form a moreRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States894 Words   |  4 Pagesthe substratum for that country. A Constitution can be defined as a document that is the substratum of the country’s principles. Elements in the Constitution may contain sundry information. Which can include: how many terms a leader may serve, what rights the citizens have, how the judicial system works, etc. The United States in no different from those countries. Every constitution is different, no country has the exact constitution as another. The U.S Constitution is a four-page document detailingRead MoreThe United States Constitution Essay1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States constitution was written in 1787 by the founding fathers of this country. Now it might be appropriate to question why a document that is the basis of the government for one of the most culturally and racially diverse countries in the world, was written by a group of heterosexual, cisgender, rich, white men. Some might think that a constitution written well over 200 years ago would be outdated and irrelevant to the American society of today but with some research, it is quite theRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States756 Words   |  4 PagesPromulgation and Legislation in the U.S. Constitution: The federal system of government of the United States is based on its constitution. The Constitution grants all authority to the federal government except the power that is delegated to the states. Each state in the United States has its own constitution, local government, statute, and courts. The Constitution of the United States sets the judiciary of the federal government and defines the extent of the federal court’s power. The federalRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States of America has previously experienced failure every now and then. With trial and error, the country has learned to correct its ways and move toward(s) perfecting itself. Realizing the ineffectiveness of the Articles of Confederation is a prime example of the U.S. learning how to better itself. Subsequent to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution of the United States was set as our new and improved framework of government. Possessing knowled ge on how America, although strongRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States951 Words   |  4 Pageshappening again. Unlike the artifacts, The Constitution of the United States has not been forgotten, it is actually still very alive today. Unlike most relics, The Constitution still holds a very heroic and patriotic implication, freedom. With freedom comes self-government, freedom of speech, religious tolerance, etc. With all these things comes the great responsibility to adapt and fit to the wants and needs of the decade. Even though the Constitution was made for the interests of the people ofRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1338 Words   |  6 Pages The Constitution is the basis of law in The United States and has been since it was written in 1789. Since then it has been amended 27 times with the first ten amendments collectively known as the Bill of Rights. The US Constitution was preceded by the Articles of Confederation and supported by the Federalist Papers which we will touch more on later. James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson all wrote or influenced The Constitution in a very important way. Alexander HamiltonRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1388 Words   |  6 PagesInterpretation of the Constitution is one of the biggest conflicts within the United States–the highly contentious issue of states’ rights resulted from two different interpretations of what powers should belong to the federal government versus what powers belong to the individual states. No issue has ever caused as much turmoil as the issue of states’ rights–but one side must have more v alid arguments. Should the federal government’s power be superior, or should the authority of the individual states be held

One Of The Most Defining Moments In The Multiple Spanning

One of the most defining moments in the multiple spanning century history of the United States is the Constitutional Convention. The Constitutional Convention was held from May 25 to September 17, 1787 in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. This convention was to convene in order to fix the current presiding governing document, the Articles of Confederation. Each of the thirteen states were to send delegates to represent the desires of the state however, Rhode Island did not send a delegate. Each of these delegates were men of great influence and each had a hand in forming what our country would call a federal government. One such delegate from Virginia, George Wythe, was seen as especially important and according to the Encyclopedia of The†¦show more content†¦Wythe remained in his hometown for a short period of time before he moved to a neighboring county to open a law practice with a man named Zachary Lewis. Shortly after the opening Wythe married Zachary’s daughter Anne in 1747. However, the marriage did not last long as Anne died the following August of 1748. This death left Wythe extremely distraught and lead to his moving to Williamsburg in which according to the Encyclopedia of the ContinentalCongresses he opened a new law office with â€Å"his deceased wife’s uncle, Benjamin Waller.† It is from this job that Wythe would soon see his first position in government as Waller found a way to have Wythe become one of the clerks for the House of Burgesses. Wythe was thought of highly here as in 1753 the Attorney General left for London and Wythe was elected to sit in his stead until the Attorney General’s return. Wythe’s government career would continue to grow for the years to come starting with two attempts at being elected to the House of Burgesses. However, both times Wythe was defeated. Luckily, Wythe’s alma mater would invite him to serve as their representative to the House of Burgesses. During his time serving as a member of the House of Burgesses Wythe was elected to several committees. One of these committees was charged with looking at and examining the treasury to look for any errors or suspicious recordings. It is also during this time that Wythe took on a young man as a student,Show MoreRelatedSummary Of The Late Traveler And Chris Mccandless 1429 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent aspects: shared happiness, the present moment, passion, and the ability to adapt. The late traveler and wanderer Chris McCandless spent years traveling the country living his dream as a modern day nomad. His last known writing is this, â€Å"happiness only real when shared.† Despite the time spent to himself, away from everyone close to him and the experiences he made, his final thoughts were that happiness could not be possible without a loved one to share them with. 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Care And Diligence Towards His Company †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Care And Diligence Towards His Company? Answer: Introduction The case, which is researched for in this task, is based on the Directors breach of duty under the Corporations Act. The aim of the task is to throw a light upon the facts, which led to the breaching of a directors duty of care and diligence towards his company. The act specifies certain conditions in which the directors are bound to exercise due care and diligence. The violation of which can cause the director to be legally answerable to the court. Thus, the conditions in which the directors of the company acted were in controversy with the provisions in the Corporations Act and therefore, the courts decision is important in light of the case[1]. Storm Financial Limited was a financial service provider company who provided financial advice to the investors. Mr. and Mrs. Cassimatis the, directors of the company were the sole shareholders of the company too. Whilst, they were involved in the various activities of the company, Mr. Cassimatis generated a model to be invested upon. The investors of the company who were retired or near to retirement made the investments. These investors had assets and resources of their investment in limited quantity. The investment entailed the investors to borrow the money against their homes. This would happen when the investors would borrow the money against their homes to invest in the index funds. This was held under contemplation in the court where, it was thought to have been an incompetent step by the directors who ought to be more responsible. The court further claimed that a reasonable director would have had thought about the conditions this model would bring the investors in. A reasonable director in his right mind would think about the likelihood of the retired or near to retirement investors who would be prone to high risks involving their houses mortgaged against their investment. This was thought to have been inappropriately advised by the directors. In conclusion, the court discussed about the directors duties and the breach of the same in this case. The judge purported that the duty of care and diligence must have been the priority in this case and not the financial decision on the advice. This could eventually lead to the reputational harm or by an extent a loss of license due to failure of complying with the laws. Breach of the duties by the director The main allegation which had been brought by the ASIC against the directors in this case was that they have breached section 180(1) of the Corporation Act (CA). The section provides that as an officer or a director of a company a person must act in the best possible interest of the company and in good faith. The section extends to stating that the actions of the directors of officers of a specific company would not be taken as directed towards the companys best interest if a reasonable person in the same position of such director or officer would not have taken such actions in similar circumstances[2]. Thus the AISC alleged that Mr and Mrs Cassimatis did not direct their actions to the best interest of the company as they were involved in providing advice to disadvantaged old people through a financial model created by them[3]. Section 945A and 1041E of the CA had been breached by the directors or not also had to be determined by the case. Section 945 provides that there must be a reasonable basis to provide advice to the clients by the corporation[4]. Section 1041E deals with misleading or false statement made during the course of business. The court had to determine the definition of the subject matter of the advice in relation to section 945A and the meaning of likely to induce according to section 1041E of the CA[5] Analysis of the case In this case the main allegation which had been brought by the ASIC was that the directors of storm had breached section 180(1) of the CA. This was because they had not complied with the provisions of the CA in relation to section 945A and section 1041E of the legislation. The judge in this case provided that it agreed to the fact that the directors have breached the provisions of section 945A of the CA in relation to various investors by not having a reasonable basis in relation to the subject matter of the advice[6]. The judge in this case provided that the plaintiff was not able to establish that the directors of the company had breached section 1041E of the CA as few of the investors who had been provided advice were not retail investors and there was also lack of evidence that some of the investors had retired or were about to retire[7]. The court coming to the main issue of the case provided applied the test provided by section 180(1) in order to determine whether such section had been breached by the directors or not. The allegations were that the directors had breached section 180(1) of the CA by allowing the company to give advice to the investors based on the model developed by them. In addition the section was alleged to be breached as section 1041E and 945A were violated while providing the advice. Through the application of the test the court had to find out whether a prudent extent of care and diligence were observed by the directors of the company towards discharging their duties. it was provided by the court that for the purpose of determining the question of breach all circumstances such as the magnitude of harm, the benefits accruing to the shareholders, the burden to mitigate the risk and the foreeablity of the harm have to be considered. It was found by the court upon the analysis of the factors that t he directors as alleged by the ASIC have violated the provisions of section 180(1) of the CA. This was based on the fact that the breach of section 945A of the CA was reasonably foreseeable by the directors and thus they have breached section 180(1) of thee legislation. The actions would have also predictably caused significant harm to the consumers and most importantly a reasonable person in the same situation would have not violated any provisions of the CA. the violation of law cannot be held reasonable under the business judgment rule as it can never be in the best interest of the company. The court also stated that the circumstances for determining a breach of section 180(1) includes the skills and experiences, the terms and conditions which they had accepted to work as directors of the company. The way in which the responsibilities of the organization were allocated to directors along with the reporting system and information flow within the company was also considered by the court[8]. in addition it was statd by the judge that the directors would not have required any expert advice for the purpose of concluding that the model was not relevant to provide advice to the investors. The most relevant reason provided for this purpose by the court was that the unnecessarily including family home in form of investment asset was not appropriate by the directors[9]. In addition it was also provided by the court that even taking into account that the directors of storm acted in a honest manner "genuinely held the view that capital loss could never occur with index fund investment in the Storm model" 815 the actions were not eligible to be excused in relation to section 1317s of the CA as they had important roles and responsibilities in relation to the company and also the contravention made by them was very serious. In addition the court had to determine the question that whether an actual breach is necessary for the directors for being liable under section 180(1) of the CA. The ASIC had made an allegation that the directors have actually breached section 180(1) of the act as a stepping stone in relation to the violation of the provision. It was provided by the court that it did not have reasonable cause to believe that an actual violation was necessary requirement for non compliance with s180 (1) by a director and proceeded based on the fact that such a breach was not necessary. The court also had to decide that whether the duty arising under section 180(1) of the Act was in relation the company. It was submitted by the directors of storm that according to section 180(1) of the Act the duty arising out of the provisions is only in relation to the company and not to the public. Whereas to the contrary AISC had provided that the duties are not only extended to the company but also to the public. The court in this case did not accept the submission of the AISC in relation to the question. It was provided by the court that with respect to the clear wordings present in the legislation in relation to section 180(1) the duty of the directors is only limited to that of the company. However it was also provided by the court that although a duty under the section does not extend beyond the company, the duty includes not only financial losses but also the loss of goodwill incurred by the company. Thus if the company gets a bad name in the society the duty under section 180(1) of the CA is said to be violated by the directors. Moreover the court had to determine the question that can section 180(1) be violated by directors who are also the only owners and shareholders of the organization. it was submitted to the court by the directors that directors who are the only owners and shareholders of an organization cannot be held liable for the violation of section 180(1) of the CA. In order to support their submission the directors provided that the risk in relation to an operation has to be determined by the directors and shareholders of the company and whether the organization is ready to take such risk for the purpose of making profits. It was in addition given by the directors that it should be considered that the directors have not violated the duty of care and diligence even if the directors have contravened any section of the CA as they are the only shareholders as in such case there would be implied ratification of the actions of the directors[10]. However such a submission was rejected by the court stat ing that the wordings of section 181(1) are not in accordance to the submission made by the directors. Although the shareholders may allow actions which are not in accordance to law but they do not have to power to ratify such actions[11]. Relevance of the decision The main points which can be derived from this case are that the directors of the company cannot be forgiven under section 1317s of the CA if it is found by the court that they have a significant role to play in the organization and the contravention made by them are very serious even if they had acted honestly. The case signifies that the directors of a company who are also its only shareholders can authorize an act which is contrary to that of law, but they do not have the power to ratify such acts as the section 180(1) does not provide for any ratification. The duty which is owed by the directors of the company under section 180(1) although extending only to the company includes not only financial losses but also the loss of goodwill incurred by the company. Thus if the company gets a bad name in the society the duty under section 180(1) of the CA is said to be violated by the directors. An actual breach of section 180(1) is not required for its violation and thus even if actual loss is not caused the directors can be held liable. In addition it was also signified by the court that the breach of any law is always a contravention of section 180(1) of the CA. References Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 [1] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [1] [2] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [2] [3] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [3] [4] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [17] [5] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [16] [6] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [668] [7] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [836] [8] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [676] [9] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [682] [10] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [496] [11] Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 at [499]

Which gender is more likely to drive after drinkin Essay Example For Students

Which gender is more likely to drive after drinkin Essay g?IntroductionLast year a student from my high school was killed in a drunk driving accident. As shocking as the death was for many students, people still continued to drive while intoxicated. This year two of my close friends received DUIs and numerous people I have encountered have also been convicted of Driving Under the Influence.Working at a local bar, it is very seldom that I see a person choosing to remain sober because they have to drive, and I began to wonder which gender was more likely to drive after consuming alcohol. I hypothesize that men are more likely to drive after consuming alcoholic beverages than women. I have decided this for several reasons, the primary one being that when on a date, usually the male drives. We will write a custom essay on Which gender is more likely to drive after drinkin specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now ResearchI began my research on the Internet, and found several very useful sights. MADD (mothers against drunk driving) had some fairly new statistics regarding alcohol consumption and driving. I also visited the National Clearinghouse for Drugs and Alcohol, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. While reviewing some statistics regarding fatal accidents related to alcohol, I noticed that California had a very high number of deaths-second only to Texas (this number did not reflect the percentage of the population-with this in mind, Nevada and Texas had the largest percents). With this in mind I investigated the current laws regarding alcohol consumption and driving. Currently, the law in California declares a person to be legally intoxicated if their blood alcohol content is .08% or greater (this law of course is different for minors). The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services define a standard drink as 12 ounces of be er, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits. MethodI decided to Survey 50 people, 25 men and 25 women. Although laws prohibit people under 21 from consuming alcohol, I chose to survey people 16 years and older simply because I know that many minors do drink and drive. In order to get a more representative sample, I decided not to survey at CSUSM but at the mall where my sample population would consist of people other than students. Before handing people the survey I asked them two simple questions: Are you a licensed driver? and Do you consume alcoholic beverages? To those that answered yes to both questions, I passed out the following survey:1. Male or Female2. Age3. When you drink, on average, how many alcoholic beverages do you consume?Please use the following scale:1 drink= 1.5 oz. Of 80-proof liquor1 drink= 1 beer1 drink= 5 oz. of wine4. How many beverages must you consume to feel drunk?5. Do you drive after consuming alcoholic beverages (please be honest) ?6. Would you drive after consuming: 1 drink?2 drinks?3 drinks?4 drinks?5 drinks?More than 5 drinks?7. Have you ever been convicted of DUI?ResultsUsing the information from my surveys, I have come to the conclusion that men are more likely to drive after consuming alcoholic beverages. Of the males surveyed, 84% said they would drive after consuming alcoholic beverages where 72% of females said they would. The gap between these amounts changed significantly when the subjects responded to question 5. After two drinks, the percentage of men who said they would drive remained the same, the percentage of females declined-68% said they would drive. The number of men who said they would drive after consuming three alcoholic beverages declined by 4% where the number of females who said they would drive decreased to 64%. It is here that my data changed significantly. The number of men who said they would drive after consuming four alcoholic beverages decreased by 20% and the number of female s who said they would drive after that many decreased by 32%. Finally, 12% of men said they would drive after 5 or more drinks where only 4% of women stated that they would drive. .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .postImageUrl , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:hover , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:visited , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:active { border:0!important; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:active , .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41 .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d156acdf28cf0e2ca419b6fc4930f41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Impact of Globalisation on the Australian Econ EssayOf the four men who stated that they would not drive after consuming alcoholic beverages, 2 had previously received DUIs while only 1 of the 7 women who said they would not drive after consuming alcoholic beverages had received a DUI.The following pages are my results in chart format. ReflectionViewing my results, I realize that I have not taken into account the different physiological effects of alcohol. Women become intoxicated after drinking smaller quantities of alcohol than are needed to produce intoxication in men.This can be explained by the fact that women have lower total body water content than men of comparable size. After alcohol is consumed, it diffuses uniformly into all body water, both inside and outside cells. Because of their smaller quantity of body water, women achieve higher concentration of alcohol in their blood than men after drinking equivalent amounts of alcohol. As one person performing research, there are many aspects that I have neglected. If I had the means with which to do an extensive study, I would not rely on data from self-report, as many people may understate the amount of alcohol consumed for social acceptance. Instead, I would carefully monitor the actual intake of each subject over an extended period of time.

crime and media essays

crime and media essays Corrections has been a field dominated primarily by men. Women entering in this field have had to struggle against the resistance presented when entering these types of jobs. Criminal justice and women have been terms that have not been heavily associated. However women do play a major role in the criminal justice system, whether they are the offenders, victims or criminal justice professionals. The role of women in criminal justice often depicts women as the victims in order to keep in place the ideologies of women being subordinate, feeble, and unable to take care of themselves against their aggressor. Women are not only victimized women also play roles of the offenders and criminal justice professionals contrary to popular belief. Although women have made strives to progress they still represent lowest line of sworn in officers Women are very versatile in their involvement with the criminal justices system. It is also important for us a as society to understand that women are major functions in the criminal justice system although their isnt an enormous amount of literature about it. Women are represented in every dimension of the criminal justice system. The depictions of women in the media are influential factors for women who have chosen this male dominated work force. The traditional role of women being housewives and mothers have in some ways hindered the process of them becoming a dominant work force in the field of corrections. In film it is very noticeable how women are depicted as helpless or are in need of some type of assistance from her male counterpart. In the Hale article about women in videos the treatment of women tends to be a social control. It romanticizes the way women and men are especially in uniform. For example the man is usually the hero in the film usually he rescues the woman. The scenario hardly ever plays in the other direction. I personally cant think of ...

Gasosaurus - Facts and Figures

Gasosaurus - Facts and Figures Name: Gasosaurus (Greek for gas lizard); pronounced GAS-oh-SORE-us Habitat: Woodlands of China Historical Period: Late Jurassic (160 million years ago) Size and Weight: Up to 13 feet long and 500 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Moderate size; large head; stiff tail; bipedal posture About Gasosaurus The only remains of the obscure but amusingly named dinosaur Gasosaurus were discovered in 1985 by the employees of a Chinese gas-mining company. From the limited number of fossil fragments, adding up to a single partial skeleton, most paleontologists believe that Gasosaurus resembled a vastly scaled-down Allosaurus, its fellow (and more famous) theropod of the late Jurassic period (about 160 million years ago), though its arms were proportionately a bit longer compared to its overall size. However, because so little is known about Gasosaurus, its possible that this dinosaur may have been incorrectly classifiedand is in fact better assigned as a species of Megalosaurus or Kaijiangosaurus. (And no, we have no reason to believe that Gasosaurus suffered from gas pains, or farted or burped any more than other dinosaurs!) By the way, in 2014 Gasosaurus was the subject of an amusing internet hoax, in which it was claimed that a 200-million-year-old (sic) Gasosaurus egg carelessly stored next to a museum boiler somehow managed to incubate and hatch. As is usually the case with such things, the story made it all the way around the world via social media until people realized that it had originally been published by the World News Daily Report, a serious-sounding website that actually traffics in made-up news, a la The Onion. (In case youre wondering, its impossible to hatch a dinosaur egg, because the fossilization process literally turns whatever is inside it to stone!)

Corruption under the Obama Administration Research Paper

Corruption under the Obama Administration - Research Paper Example His presidency emphasizes that all races in America, provided they are citizens of the United States, can become the President of the nation. Unfortunately, what can spoil the proud image of the Obama government is its supposed association with corruption. Are the reports on corruption under the Obama government reliable? We must define what corruption means. Deflem (1995, 243) provides a good definition: â€Å"Corruption†¦is a colonization of social relations in which two or more actors undertake an exchange relation by way of a successful transfer of the steering media of money or power, thereby sidestepping the legally prescribed procedure to regulate the relation. Two types of corruption of corruption are identified: monetary and bureaucratic. In monetary corruption, the exchange relation is carried out by way of a transfer of money, and in bureaucratic corruption by way of a transfer of power. Both types of corruption can circumvent regulations spelled out by legitimate or systemic law.† The Deflem (1995) definition of corruption has three characteristics. First, corruption may involve financial or power concessions and not only monetary consideration. Second, corruption involves sidestepping legal procedures. Finally or third, corruption circumvents the regulations of government. It follows, therefore, that corruption need not always involve evidence of money transfer and that sidestepping of legally prescribed procedures or circumvention of legal or administrative rules are manifestations of corruption. Adopting the Deflem (1995) definition therefore, we have good basis to argue that the Obama presidency is characterized by corruption. The indicative facts are described in our succeeding discussion. First, the Washington-based Judicial Watch, an institution generally-recognized in America as a watchdog of sound governance reported that the Obama administration has installed â€Å"personal advisors in czar positions in the White House and has created new czar positions elsewhere in the Executive Branch† that are â€Å"unconfirmed by the Senate and are largely unaccountable to Congress† (2011, 3). The word â€Å"czar† is â€Å"informally associated with presidential appointees who oversee certain government policies† (Judicial Watch 2011, 6). The Judicial Watch (2011, 3) added that many of the activities of the said czars â€Å"are often outside the reach of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), creating a veil of secrecy about their precise role in the administration.† This implies that many of the appointees of the Obama administration are above the law and this can provide evidence that signs of corruption if not corruption itself are pervasive in the Obama administration. At the very least, the Judicial Watch Report indicated that many of the top officials of the Obama government are outside the law, are not transparent, and pose a threat that the wide-scale prevalence of the transf ers of money as well as power is only a matter of time in the United States. Under the United States Constitution, presidential nominees have to be confirmed by the United Senate (Judicial Watch 2011, 6). In contrast, many of the White House advisors are not only unconfirmed by United States Senate but they also often claim exemptions from the Freedom of In

Provide a briefing note to the Secretary of State for Energy and Essay

Provide a briefing note to the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change in advance of the preparation of a new Energy Bill - Essay Example s relied on the provisions of the Energy White Paper of 2007, Energy White Paper of 2003, the Energy Review Report of 2006 and the Low Carbon Transition Plan of July 2009 Previous energy Bills in the United Kingdom have contributed to sustainable use of energy through various means. The energy laws have helped to regulate the taxation and use of energy in terms of both renewable and non-renewable energy. They have provided the legal provisions that have regulation extraction of energy resources, manufacturing, transportation and selling of energy products in the country (Makuch & Pereira, 2012). This means that the energy marketers and distributors in the country operate within limits of energy laws ensuring that they do not exploit citizens or overuse energy resources that could lead to environmental problems and energy depletion. Previous laws have helped in the above issues as energy use has increased over the years as shown in the chart below An important aspect of the previous energy laws and bills is that they have helped in providing an environment that provides for competition in the energy sector among energy firms, both large and small. This has helped in stabilizing prices of energy products for the consumer because the competition has ensured that companies provide competitive prices to woo consumers to buy their brands. The energy laws recognize that energy is required in all sectors of the economy and takes into account issues of production and distribution of various forms of energy and future requirements of the same. The challenges that the previous energy bulls have failed to address include Previous energy bills in the UK have met several criticisms with regard to a variety of issues. First, UK energy bills have been criticised for encouraging waste of energy. Energy laws in UK have been insufficient in ensuring that it meets the standards of the EU energy-saving laws. The main reason for this has been poor implementation of the bills put in

Evaluation of personl learning Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of personl learning Essay An evaluation of my personal learning plan along with comments on how I plan to update my subject specialist knowledge, generic knowledge of teaching and learning, using examples from my practice and discussing the part my mentor played in my development. Introduction The aim of this assignment is to show how my key learning points from my personal learning plan have been put into practice and to evaluate these, examples from my practice will also be used. I will explain how I plan to update not only my subject specialist knowledge but also my generic knowledge of teaching and learning. I plan to also explain and discuss the part my mentor has played in my development over the two years of cert Ed qualification. Having a personal learning plan is a great way of setting out your future objective, aims and goals. Having goals to head for gives you motivation and direction and also builds on confidence and self esteem. However it is a good idea to plan your own personal learning plan, when you plan your own programme, it is more likely to be relevant to your needs and be able to be applied, and be related to, your teaching. This, then, is more likely to give you motivation for your learning (Reece Walker 2003 pg 400). I plan to review and update my own personal learning plan every six months. However my personal learning is also discussed in my supervisions at work which I have every three months, this enables me to discuss any knowledge I myself wish to update and also any training my manager feels I would benefit from. I feel this is good support to involve my personal learning plan within my supervision, it also shows management that I am committed and taking control of my own learning. My personal learning plan consists of three main areas these are. Subject specialist development This is the subject that I teach this includes my practical and theory work. Generic teaching development This is schemes of work and lesson plans how I use differentiation and assessment, along with assignments and research etc. Skills development This is my literacy, numeracy and ICT skills. My subject specialist area has a variety of subject sessions these are induction, food hygiene awareness, health and safety, individual service planning (ISP), swallowing disorders, manual handling, infection control and first aid I do continuous refreshers on all sessions within the organisation how ever I do also carry out independent reading and research of individual subjects to keep my self updated. Especially on change that relate to any regulations that have an impact on my training sessions. There have been two key personal learning development areas in my subject specialist area the first being ISP training. This training session has had a complete overhaul to how it is to be delivered which has involved a lot of changes to the ISP itself, example how these are set up and completed. For me to deliver this training to my learners I needed to attend a two day training session myself. The sessions involved theory and practical learning giving me the knowledge and the skills to enable me to deliver a practical session to my learners. Example when doing this session my learners will not be just listening and getting involved in group discussions they will be involved in an ongoing practical, At their best, practical’s are an enjoyable and active hands on experience. At their worst they are frustrating episodes where not even the teacher knows what is supposed to be happening (Petty 2004 pg 204). So any practical should be well planned. My learners will be put into pairs one will be the service user and the other the key worker. They will then be given a number of activities to follow. Using this method they will build and complete an ISP, learners are able to swap roles through out so each learner gets to play each role. I have delivered this training session this way on many occasions now and it is working well, learners are enjoying and putting into practice what they have learnt well, this is evident when looking at ISP, s that they have completed. My second key learning point in my subject specialist area is first aid training. I was unable to deliver this session as I did not have the knowledge and qualification to do this. I  attended a two day emergency first aid course down Lincoln through NUCO training, having attended this training I now have the confidence and subject knowledge to be able to deliver this to my learners. The training consisted of two presentations showing the teacher my understanding of the subject and showing I was able to present, I was also assessed on practical exercises through out the two days, example resuscitation procedure, choking procedure, and the procedure in the event of an emergency situation example car accident. This training was very challenging and intense however it has given me the skills to develop an effective training session for my learners. I have two sessions planned to deliver in July. Having being successful in this training I am also able to go and assess other first aid trainers. I plan to update my subject specialist knowledge continuously I will do this by attending refresher training sessions. I am also a member of the Institute for learning where you have to prove you have so many hours of continuous professional development. I also plan to use E-learning within the organisation for any relevant training sessions, along with my independent learning through reading and research on the internet. My generic knowledge of teaching and learning has developed well through out my two years on cert Ed, my skills in lesson planning have developed immensely and I put these into practice on a regular basis. My delivery methods have progressed and become a lot more interactive for my learners, by bringing in differentiation and inclusive learning example hand washing exercise I use a power point slide to show a picture of hands with bacteria on, we have a discussion on hands, show learners how to wash hands correctly, we then do a hands washing exercise covering visual, audio and kinaesthetic learning styles. My assignments now have structure and flow throughout, my spelling and punctuation has also improved, this has been managed through hard work and practice of proof reading which is a skill in its self, a skill that can always be developed further through practice and gathering information from books and the internet. I plan to update my generic knowledge of teaching and learning through independent learning by using the internet and reading books, also the E-learning that the organisation encourage us to use have some useful courses on punctuation, organisation skills, planning skills, assessing and evaluation etc which I  plan to look at using in the future. I am also attending mentoring training at the end of May which I feel will be beneficial to myself and my learners. My skills development have improved over my two years in cert end, in the first year of cert ed my personal learning plan identified my need to achieve level two in both English and maths. I have now achieved both qualifications and in particular benefited greatly from the English this has helped me with my assignments, writing letters, creating handouts for my training sessions and knowing and understanding where a sentence begins and ends along with why we have and need to use punctuation. I did have the basic knowledge of English language but did require further development and knowledge. By attending key skills level two has developed this knowledge which has enabled me to progress in this area of my personal learning. However I do believe I will benefit from further development in this area and plan to progress onto key skills level three English once I have completed my cert ed year two. My ict skills have improved this is through daily use of a laptop and also attending a two day training course through the organisation. The course consisted of two modules first module was an introduction to IT file management, this module developed my personal learning in areas such as using windows XP, explain the use of options within my computer, being aware of the principals of using my documents, be able to create, change, delete and move files and folders and identify how and when to back data up. Module two outlook internet/intranet this module has developed my personal learning in areas such as accessing E-learning and being aware of its potential, organising and accessing personal files and to become more familiar with the intranet within the organisation and how to use it effectively. I have also had a small session on the use of power point which has been beneficial to me as within my job role, as at times I am required to put a power point presentation together. I plan to update my ict skills by attending a further two modules which will be organised through the organisation hopefully in the coming year. I also believe everyday use will enhance my skills. I also plan to do a more intense session on power point in the near future. Through my two years of cert Ed I have had a mentor. Mentoring is a  relationship between mentor and mentee that encourages growth and development in a respectful and collegial environment (Morton-Cooper Palmer, 2000). The mentoring relationship may be an informal arrangement that happens naturally, or a formal relationship that is organised within the work organisation (Rose, 2005). My job role as training and development officer was a new post for me in 2007 and it was my manager who suggested that I enrol onto the cert Ed course rather than training and development NVQ4. She felt that I would gain more from this course and it would equip me with the knowledge and confidence to carry my duties out competently. As my manager is an experienced trainer herself it made sense for her to also be my mentor as she had faith in me from the very beginning of my training. A mentoring relationship tends to be long term that can be entered into at any stage of one’s career (Northcott, 2000). This statement has been true in my case. The relationship I have with my mentor is a good one she has been supportive through out especially when it has come to bringing in new ideas for training sessions in fact she has used some of the ideas herself. The process has always been a two way process. My mentor has not been their to tell me what to do, she has guided, encouraged, supported, provided information and most of all always listened, especially in moments when I have thought this whole thing is too much for me. Through out my observations my mentor has been encouraging and made feel at ease as she knew how nervous I was on these occasions, feed back from observations were always positive and any development points were always taken on board. My mentor has recognised some skills in me that I never realised I had along with helping me developing these skills. Example a year ago my mentor asked me if I would like to do a course that would enable me to deliver first aid training to my learners, so I would not need to sen d them out externally for this training. I explained to my mentor that I was not keen on doing this and felt that this was a course that qualified nurses should do. My mentor did not try to push or persuade me into doing this even though it would save the organisation money. I have just done this course last month and it was me who approached my manager/mentor, I really enjoyed it and I am looking forward to delivering it to my learners. It is amazing what a year can do to some ones confidence and self esteem. If my manager/mentor had made me do this when she wanted me to do it I would not have developed in that area or  enjoyed it. My mentor has always allowed me to do things at my own pace and has a great understanding of how we as individuals learn at different levels and pace. I feel this is a good quality to have when being a mentor. Looking back it was a excellent suggestion from my manager/mentor for me to enrol onto the cert ed, over the two years I feel I have grown not only in confidence but in both the theory and the practical side of my teaching and learning. It has been a privilege to have had a mentor who has guided, supported, encouraged and listened through out the two year process. How ever it does not end there as she is also my manager she will be there for the future too. Conclusion For us to further ourselves I feel it is essential to have objectives, aims and goals. I feel if we do not things do not get done so our goals do not get met. We may have goals in our heads but if they are not planned they tend not to be achieved. For me a personal learning plan is the way forward we can then tick of the goals we have achieved and plan for new goals in the future. Looking back two years ago I would never have dreamt that I would have achieved what I have achieved today, I believe this has been achieved through good planning, good support and hard work by myself. Learning is an ongoing process and I look forward to many more years of teaching and learning. http://sarah-stewart.blogspot.com/2009/02/what-is-mentoring.html retrieved 09/05/2009 Petty,G 2004, A practical guide teaching today, 3rd edn, Nelson Thornes, United Kingdom. Reece, I Walker, S 2003, Teaching, Training and learning a practical guide, 5th edn, Business Education Publishers Limited, Great Briton. http://sarah-stewart.blogspot.com/2009/02/what-is-mentoring.html retrieved 09/05/2009 Petty,G 2004, A practical guide teaching today, 3rd edn, Nelson Thornes, United Kingdom. Reece, I Walker, S 2003, Teaching, Training and learning a practical guide, 5th edn, Business Education Publishers Limited, Great Briton.

Hierarchy and the Disorder of Separation in the Bible :: Free Essay Writer

Hierarchy and the Disorder of Separation in the Bible Proper Hierarchy and the Disorder of Separation Throughout the text of the Bible, and especially evident in Chapter 3 of Genesis, there is a system which God has set up to denote the proper relationships each of his creations share with each other and with Him. An analysis of this reoccurring theme will help to establish that God’s intended system is a hierarchy in which there is an apportionment of â€Å"servants† and â€Å"masters,† with God having the final authority. This motif is first introduced in chapter 1 of Genesis where God sees that His creations are â€Å"good,† already establishing a higher standard, â€Å"good,† from a lower one, â€Å"bad.† In the system that follows, the hierarchy runs with God foremost as the creator; then humans come next as subservient to God, but are put in charge of ruling all the â€Å"lesser creatures;† and then all the other animals, who feed on the vegetation of the land. We see that the intention of the author(s) was not to promote a belie f in equality, but rather principles governing a highly organized structure separating those who serve and those who rule. Chapter three delineates the fall of both man and woman by God who asserts and maintains the relationships within the hierarchy. In response to their actions, God punishes Adam, Eve, and the serpent. It is also interesting to note that when God approaches, then questions Adam about whether or not he ate the fruit, His advance immediately implies that God will take man’s word first over woman, and over all other creatures. Once again we see distinct levels of importance among the three: God values the man’s word first, as he is created in the likeness of Him; the woman second, since she is Adams derivative; then the serpent, whom God will hear last, as in this case. When Adam responds to God’s inquiry, instead of accepting any form of responsibility, he tells God of how Eve had handed the fruit to him - â€Å"It was the woman you gave to be with me who gave the me the fruit from the tree, and I ate it.† (Genesis 3:12) Adam, instead of accepting the responsi bility for his actions, blames both Eve and God for his unfortunate actions. Likewise when Eve receives the blame, she attributes her poor judgment to the serpent, which she claims â€Å"deceived [her] into eating it.

Relations Between the Soviet Union and China Hostile Essay

What were the turning-point events that kept relations between the Soviet Union and China hostile for over 20 years? There were many disputes between China and Russia between the 1950s and 1960s. The disputes may be caused by ideological differences, self-interest, personalities of the leaders, or domestic problems. Mao and Stalin had ideological differences. Although Mao and Stalin’s ideologies are based on Marxism, Stalin believed Mao using the peasants as the basis for revolution is not the right interpretation of Marxism. Stalin thought workers in cities should be the basis to lead the revolution. Also, Stalin feared Mao compete against him in the Communist world, so Stalin wanted a weak China and the USSR will then dominate Asia. He made his policies through self-interests. Thus, Stalin wanted Mao to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek instead of carrying out a revolution. Therefore Mao believed Stalin was not a true revolutionary. The Sino-Soviet Treaty Alliance is another example, which the Soviets acted through self-interest. The treaty, which was the first treaty between China and Russia, offered the Chinese Soviet expertise and low interest aid. However, it was signed after two months of negotiation and the Chinese was received poor treatment. Plus, the Chinese would have to repay Soviets’ aid with interests. Moreover, the Chinese traditional buildings were replaced with Soviet style buildings and Socialist sciences were prioritized over the western, which was far more effective than the Socialist sciences. Mao was not happy about Stalin’s actions in the Korean War. Stalin encouraged China to send troops into Korea. China sent one million soldiers to Korea and Russia gave China material assistance but China paid $1.35 billion for the Soviet equipment. Between 1953 and 1956, there were tensions and suspicions in Mao and Stalin’s relationship. Stalin might have purposely delay the end of the Korean War in order to weaken China. After Stalin’s death, tension between Russia and China has relaxed. Soviet leaders tried to make the treaties fairer for China. During the leadership years of Khrushchev, tension has eased between China and the USSR. However, tension rose again at the conference of Communist Parties. Mao called Russia to abandon revisionism, which supports Western Capitalists. Mao also believed the USSR is trying to isolate China. Deng believed capitalism had to be crushed in violent revolution. Khrushchev’s visit to Beijing in order to ease the tension caused by the conference was unsuccessful. Khrushchev’s hotel, which was infested by mosquitos, had no A/C in the summer. Also, Khrushchev who was bad at swimming was invited to swim with Mao. It was humiliating for Khrushchev because he had to wear tight swimming shorts and a swim ring. Meanwhile, Deng used this opportunity to criticize the Sovi ets. He said the Soviets had betrayed the Communist movement and had sent spies disguised as technical advisers to China. Next, a series of events caused China and Russia’s relation to deteriorate. The Taiwan crisis resulted the Soviets withdrawing their economic advisers and cancelled commercial contracts with China. Then the Soviets denounced the faulty design of The Great Leap Forward, which made Mao infuriated. Therefore, Mao would now aid any communist countries that do not agree with the USSR. An example of this would be China aiding Albania. In 1961, the USSR withdrew aid from Albania. Then China replaced the Soviet aid to Albania. This led to more hostilities between the two communist countries. Khrushchev and Mao also had different views on nuclear weapons. Mao did not fear nuclear war because he believed war is unavoidable in the revolutionary struggle. On the other hand, Khrushchev want wanted to co-exist with the US. The Test-ban Treaty was signed in 1963, in which the USSR and US agreed to stop nuclear tests. Mao saw this as the USSR siding with the imperialist powers. Also, China called the USSR for help on the development of nuclear weapons, but the Soviets rejected. After Khrushchev left office in 1964, the Soviets continued isolating China. The Soviets criticized the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. Also the Soviets used this opportunity to criticize China on its development of worldwide opium trade, receiving assistance from West Germany on nuclear research, and so on. China and Russia also had disputes on border. In 1969, they started fighting because of border disputes and Mao was prepared for nuclear war. In the end nuclear weapons was not used, but the dispute had threatened to turn into a full-scale war. The Vietnam War had also caused the disputes between China and Russia because they all wanted Vietnam to be influenced by their ideologies. In the end, USSR won and the Soviet-Vietnamese Treaty of Peace and Friendship was formed. In conclusion, mainly because of self-interest and different ideological views, Russia and China had conflicts on the Conference of Communist Parties in 1957, Taiwan, the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, the Vietnam War, and border issues. Because of these serious of events, China and Russia relations were hostile over 20 years.

International Issues Essay

Abstract No two countries have the same political and legal system. Each country has its own laws and regulations on business and products. When doing business in another country it is important to know the laws and abide by them. Culture plays a huge part in a business’s success when venturing into a foreign market. Being sensitive to the cultural and religious beliefs in that country is important to a business’s long term success. A business needs to be educated in the laws, customs and cultures of that country so that business will be able to comply and coincide with that country. A business needs to know how and where to resolve any legal issues that may arise while doing business in that country. Disputes need to be handled in a way that is respectful to that country and adheres to the contract in which the parties agreed. International Issues Issues in Legal Disputes in International Transactions â€Å"International transactions and dispute resolution requires both an understanding of the law and a sensitivity to foreign culture, politics, formal and informal power structures and decision-making approaches† (White and Williams LLP, 2013). When entering into a contract with a foreign country, one needs to be very specific in the contract about how to resolve any issues that could come up between the two companies. Deciding and agreeing on where issues will be resolved is a key element in the contract. Going to court can be costly for both companies and the decision made by the court could take an extended amount of time. If the companies were to go to court, deciding in where the court hearing would take place is another issue. If the hearing was to be held in the foreign country, the laws might not be the same and that country might not have much experience in international disputes. If the hearing was to be held in the United States, the other company and the country’s government it resides in could become hostile and not uphold the ruling. Arbitration would be the best way to resolve any disputes between the two countries. Arbitration can save a lot of time and money for both companies while also protecting the images of both companies by not having a lengthy trial in the press. â€Å"Arbitration is often less costly, less litigious, and less time-consuming, and offers more privacy to the parties than litigation† (Companies Export, 2008).The ruling from the arbitration could be binding or non-binding depending on what is agreed upon in the contract. Practical Considerations When trying to resolve a dispute with a company in a foreign country, one would need to look over the written contract that was drawn up at the beginning of the relationship. â€Å"The governing law clause will set out which country’s law will apply to any dispute under the contract, and the jurisdiction clause will state in which country the legal action must be taken† (Smith, 2007). The U.S. based company needs to be aware of the laws that affect the company and the business dealings in the other country. The company needs to consider the cultural aspects, the ethical behavior, and the legal structure within that country. â€Å"U.S. laws governing the international business activities of the U.S. companies fall into two categories. The first consists of laws, such as antitrust, employment, and economic-espionage laws, that are also applied frequently in the domestic context. With respect to these laws, the international business activities of the U.S. companies are a rguably at special risk because management educated and trained outside the United States might be less familiar with these laws than management educated and trained in the United States† (Winer, 2013). Bribery is also a consideration when taking legal action against a foreign business partner because this is illegal under the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). In some countries, bribery and gift giving is not seen as an illegal or unethical act but a form of showing respect and gratitude. A company needs to be careful on how this is perceived because it could be seen as an illegal act on the company’s part. Factors against CadMex Time and money would work against CadMex in the sublicensing agreements. In the simunlation, Candore is under an epidemic and needs the medicine ViroBlax at a subsidized price. There would not be enough time, due to the epidemic, to work out a contract that both parties will agree upon. Each separate pharmaceutical company in Candore would have to be sought out and a new contract would have to be drawn up for each different company. This is not only costing CadMex time but countless dollars on man hours. CadMex would have to invest a lot of money into properly training the employees and building the proper facilities. CadMex would also have to insure that the generic products were to the proper standards and up to regulation. Even if CadMex was to invest the time and the money into sublicensing the drug, CadMex would lose money because the drug is being sold at a subsidized price. The royalties that would be paid out with sublicensing still would not gap the margin of loss that CadMe x has. When Customs and Laws Conflict When the local customs and the local laws conflict with the customs and laws of an organization operating abroad; the organization should look at the customs and laws in which it is operating under and those should prevail, as long as the company is following the laws in which it is to operate by. When operating abroad, it is important to be aware and sensitive to the customs of that country. Allowing employees to observe religious and cultural holidays will not only keep moral high but also will keep the company within the laws that country has. Knowing the cultural normalities and integrating those into the business model will allow for the employees and members of the community to feel that the business has their interests mind. Being able to comply with the laws of the country in which the business is in while also complying with the laws set by the country, in which the mother company resides, can be a hard line to walk. Complying with the laws of the country in which was agreed upon in the contract at the onset of the partnership would prevail. Making sure to follow the rules of the country that the business is in is important because that is where the business will produce its goods. â€Å"Employees who engage in international business are responsible for knowing and complying with both the laws and regulations of the countries in which the businesses operate and the U.S. law and regulations that apply outside U.S. borders. If U.S. law conflicts with the local customs, or if the local law is more restrictive than U.S. laws or company policies, one must follow the more restrictive law, custom or policy† (Olin, 2012). Resolving Domestic and International Issues Resolving domestic issues can be done through arbitration or through the court system. It can be as simple as suing a party and showing up to court. When trying to resolve an issue domestically, the laws are well known for both parties and the venue in which the issue will be settled is easily accessible to both parties. Resolving an issue internationally is more work involved. The issue has to be resolved through which venue both parties agreed upon when signing the contract. Both companies need to know the laws of that country and travel might be needed. If arbitration was selected, both parties would need to submit all paperwork to a panel of arbitrators and adhere to the judgment in which the panel decides. If one party does not comply with the ruling, then legal action must be taken. Conclusion When doing business internationally, a company needs to be aware of many factors. Conforming to the culture and abiding by the laws that are set in that country are essential to that business and its success. A company needs to know how to resolve issues that will come up in the daily running of the business. Being sensitive to religious and cultural norms will not only help with the moral of employees but the community as well. Adhering to the contract in which the company agreed upon will help avoid any legal action being taken against them. By following the laws and cultures of the country the business resides in will ensure success of the company and future dealings in that country. References Companies Export. (6/4/2008). Retrieved from http://export.gov/regulation/eg_main_018226.asp Olin. (2012). International Business. Retrieved from http://www.b2i.us/profiles/investor/fullpage.asp?BzID=1548&to=cp&Nav=0&LangID

social pariahs Essay

social pariahs Essay social pariahs Essay Olivia Niemann American studies 3rd September 30, 2013 Social pariahs In this day in age social pariahs are all around us in many different ways. A social pariah is someone who is considered an outcast or â€Å"shunned† from a certain group for an undesirable reason or choice he or she has made. With social media and societies standards there will always be a person or group of people that is ostracized for the decisions and choices they have made. Some ways people have been seen as â€Å"social pariahs† or ostracized from the group are for scandalous reasons, race, political views, religious beliefs, and being bold. One example I found was of Tiger Woods who was the number one ranked golf player in the word. In 2009 Tiger woods openly announced to the public about cheating on his wife for 32 months with a cocktail waitress. This was a very devastating social blow to one of the world’s most popular athletes who was considered a marketable family man with two kids and his unblemished social life until the accident. With all the tal k about Woods affair scandal he lost over 25 million dollars in endorsements with companies. His affair caused a very terse life style for Tiger while he was trying to make up for his mistake. Woods scandal was all over the news for many months and was a very hot topic. He was ostracized and shunned from the golf world. Many hyperboles were made before the real facts of the scandal came out, and for a while no one knew what the truth was. He lost many peoples respect for him not only as an athlete but also as a father figure and husband. His loss I endorsements cost him millions. His affair with this woman not only cost him extreme amounts of money and time but the respect and loyalty of his devoted fans and fellow esteemed golf members. Tiger Woods was the center of many lampoons for a while before the scandal died down and blew over. I agree that with fame comes a certain standard you are held to since you are always in the public eye. You’re in a fishbowl world where eve ryone finds out your mistakes and now with social media they spread much faster. I don’t approve of what Tiger Woods did because he broke his promise to his wife and family and with that he had to accept the consequences that came along with his decisions. His consequences were much

What Exactly Is 10X Email With Garrett Moon - CoSchedule Blog

What Exactly Is 10X Email With Garrett Moon Blog How is your social media engagement? Are you getting enough shares, traffic, and leads to justify your social promotion strategy? Or, are you scratching your head, wondering how you’re going to win the uphill battle that is social media reach today? According to a recent study by BuzzSumo, Facebook reach alone has fallen 20% for brands in 2017. Note also, that this is even before Facebook’s recent News Feed overhaul. To me, rather than panicking about abysmal organic (and sometimes paid) social media performance, it’s time to invest even more in email. It’s time for 10x Email.    Im reading What Exactly Is 10X Email? by @garrett_moon via @Why Invest In Email Marketing? Have you heard the stats surrounding email ROI? Email is 40x more effective than social media  for customer acquisition. Email averages a 3800% return on investment. Email inboxes are home to 13 hours of employee’s  time per week. For , our email marketing program has been the biggest driver of marketing success, at an average 300% return. Our experience mirrors the numbers experienced by other companies. And if good data is truth, then it’s time every marketer embraces it as a mainstay of their efforts. So, how can you get the most from email marketing? How To 10x Your Email Marketing Results Email marketing is such an integral part of ’s marketing I devoted an entire chapter to doing it right in my book, 10x Marketing Formula. If you get a chance to pick up the book, awesome. But have no fear, I’ll give you an insider’s look at 10x Email Promotion by sharing an excerpt: To monetize an email list requires that you reverse engineer from paying customer to email subscriber. At , the leading indicator, and most important metric for our marketing team to track for success, is trial signups. We know our trial signups will convert to paid customers at a certain rate. We also know that the more email subscribers we get, the more trial signups we get. And because we meticulously measure all conversions  back to their source, we know exactly how many trial signups every email we send should generate. This is important because it’s debunked a marketing myth. Too many marketers are scared of their email lists. They don’t want to send too many emails for fear their audience will unsubscribe. They believe that audiences are fickle and get scared off easily. However, our experience shows that your audience will tolerate daily emails from you if they’re the right fit. And because you’re a 10x marketer creating competition-free content smack dab in the center of your content core, sending fewer emails is simply poor advice. Here’s how we’ve come to see it. To keep the math simple, let’s say we’ve discovered each email will generate ten trial signups so long as we don’t send more than one email per day. Because we’ve measured extensively, we also know that there’s no major uptick in per-email trial signups by sending fewer emails than one per day. So, for us to send any fewer emails would be a huge waste of this major asset. Now, the reason so many marketers are scared of sending too many emails is because they worry about their unsubscribe rates. But here’s a newsflash: unsubscribe rates don’t matter; revenue matters! Also, our data showed that the increase in unsubscribes due to a greater frequency of daily emails was virtually non-existent. Your email sending frequency should be directly linked to what generates the most revenue. So, when it comes to our email list, we’ve learned to value new subscribers above all else. The more new subscribers we have, the more new customers we have. We believe you’ll find this holds true for you, as well. The real trick is how to build an email list filled with the right audience. And that’s exactly what this stage in the 10x Marketing Formula  is all about. From 0 to 250,000 Subscribers In the past four years, we’ve worked hard to figure out what works and what doesn’t in email list building. Through copious testing, plenty of failure, and eventual hockey-stick growth, we’ve learned exactly what’s worked for us. The following strategies have helped us go from zero subscribers to more than 250,000 since our first blog post in March of 2013. Today, we routinely grow by 4,000-plus subscribers each week. We’ve generated these results because, one, every email is extremely relevant to the problems our audience is trying to solve. And two, each email is directly connected to the value itself provides. This means we can quickly grow a list filled with exactly the right people. It grows fast because the content is so damn good- and it’s monetizable because they’re content consumers who will actually turn into customers. It’s worked for the two reasons prior. And we’ve also found a few tactics that consistently amplify our results to the 10x level: Content upgrades  for every blog post Free tools to help solve major marketing problems that intersect with our product Competition-free content  people are desperate not to miss Now, let’s dig into how we use each tactic, what makes them work, and how you can use them in your marketing context. Content Upgrades A content upgrade is a companion resource to content like blog posts. Often, they are things like templates, calculators, worksheets, or any other document that helps your audience put what you’re teaching them into practice. To use them to build an email list, we gate them behind an email opt-in form. So, they get the resource by paying with an email address. This has become pretty standard practice in content marketing. However, at , we routinely craft such comprehensive content upgrades that we believe people would be willing to pay for them. For example, here’s an example of an eight-piece content upgrade bundle for a single blog post. It’s filled with PDFs, spreadsheet templates, and editable worksheets: [PDF] Email list building tips template to help beginners get started [PDF] Email list building guide to help you implement every tactic you learn throughout this blog post. [Worksheet] Email subject line guide to help you increase your open rates [PDF] 500 words to use in your blog titles (and therefore, your email subject lines) [Spreadsheet] Email subject line A/B test spreadsheet template to help you continually improve your subject lines [PDF] Best time to send email guide to help you reach most of your subscribers according to best practices [PDF] Best day to send email Google Analytics custom report to help you use your own data to know the days of the week when your audience opens your email [Custom Report] Best time to send email Google Analytics custom report to help you send emails at the absolute best times when your audience clicks through to read your content These included guides, spreadsheets, templates, and custom Google Analytics reports are dedicated to helping our readers do absolutely everything we’re about to teach them. A Content Upgrade Bundle As of writing this, we have more than 220 content upgrades available in our blog posts and our Marketing Resource Library. Our content upgrades are a core component of meeting our standard of performance of actionability. They’re always custom designed to contour the content we’re creating. And in total, our content upgrades are responsible for well over one hundred thousand email subscribers. The best part about killer content upgrades is that as long as you’re actually showing people how to solve real problems, the upgrades practically write themselves. All you need to do is format your how-to solutions in a spreadsheet, editable document, or even a printable PDF. If you’re providing actionable value, a content upgrade is a natural result. I know what youre thinking: â€Å"I barely have time to write a blog post, much less create a content upgrade.† But what if you just created one fewer post per week and used that time to create a content upgrade? That trade would be worth it, because your list will grow faster even though you’re publishing one less piece per week. That’s a pretty great deal. You could even follow Pat Flynn’s lead  and create one content upgrade per month that’s incorporated into every post. This is super efficient, super smart, and undeniably effective. The bottom line here is you should weigh content upgrades as heavily important in your content mix. They allow your value to travel farther, make your content more actionable, and help grow email lists. They’re well worth the investment, and too important to skip. Content upgrades are well worth the investment, and too important to skip. #10xEmailTools After content upgrades, our most effective list-building drivers have been free tools. Our top three tools for list building have been Headline Analyzer, Click-To-Tweet  WordPress Plugin, And the Social Message Optimizer. Here are the email subscribers each tool has produced. Headline Analyzer In just twenty-four months, the Headline Analyzer tool has contributed about 20 percent of our total list growth. Subscribers Generated:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  55,040 Timeframe:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  24 months WordPress Plugin In 2013, we built a social sharing plugin called â€Å"† for WordPress. It’s a smart little tool that allows anyone with a WordPress blog to craft readymade tweets for their readers to share with just a click or tap. We gave it away for free, and today, it’s used on over ten thousand websites. This has also helped build our email list, because when you give away stuff that’s this good, people want to know what else you have to offer. Subscribers Generated:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7,407 Timeframe:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 months Social Message Optimizer Our Social Message Optimizer is a free tool that helps marketers write better messages that boost engagement, build trust, drive traffic, and spark conversions. It allows users to type in their message, select which social network it’s written for, and then let our sophisticated algorithm score it. It helps them capture more eyeballs with their messages, getting even more likes, comments, shares, and clicks. It does all this by optimizing according to proven best practices and real data from 6.9 million social media messages analyzed by our team. Subscribers Generated:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1,806 Timeframe:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 months Bonus: Email Subject Line Tester As a bonus, our free Email Subject Line Tester  recently launched! Just like our Headline Analyzer, the Email Subject Line Tester is rocket-fueled by real-world data to analyze, score, and suggest optimization for your email subject lines. This means you can write click-worthy subject lines every single time - for free! With this free tool, you can: Drive  more  opens Get more  clicks Enjoy more  conversions Supercharge your subject lines today with this amazing tool.

Argumentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Argumentation - Essay Example Critical analysis of these phenomena allows seeing some common prejudices. Men have the necessity to remain behind the mask of masculinity showing no emotions and being aggressive. Women have second roles and are supposed to be treated accordingly and that is why women have no power. These distorted narrative about man and women create many problems for both sexes as it turns out. And the essay is aimed to show which exact problems appear because of this. Boys are taught from the little age to be real men. However, what exactly being a real man means is usually learnt from media. And children unable to understand what is literal and what is not take everything for granted. For instance, Pixar was shooting cartoons with the leading characters being male only. Lonely male creatures in the company of male characters went off on some quest or fought villains in all the Pixar cartoons. Women played secondary roles or sometimes even become final achievements of the heroes. And boys along with girls learn that women cannot be leaders and cannot dream to be presidents. However, since when leadership skills are about power and not about the ability to think analytically and to find resolutions of the problems? And women are equally good in these tasks. Moreover, boys are taught to avoid emotions as emotions are perceived as female feature. However, avoiding real feelings leads to their suppression and to ruining any boy`s personality. The video â€Å"The mask you live in† shows that the results of such changes in psyche are pitiful. Boys are often diagnosed with behavioral disorders and receive medications as treatment, abuse alcohol and drugs and even commit suicides. They are also are more likely to become criminals since they always need to show their masculinity and aggression. The situation with girls is even more critical. Despite feministic movement girls have to fit the stereotypes of womanliness: be gentle and speechless.

Describe an issue where there is an ethical implication Essay

Describe an issue where there is an ethical implication - Essay Example While academic integrity is a long considered issue within higher education establishments across the globe, its implications in light of the recent economic collapse have taken on a newfound importance. In these regards, the area that has received the most attention has been the connection between professors in United States’ business departments and major Wall-Street banks and brokerage firms that contributed to the economic collapse. Perhaps unique to the university business departments, the professors oftentimes receive substantial sums of money for consulting and preparing reports on these financial institutions. While the notion that business professors are receiving money for consultations by itself is not of major concern, there are substantial ethical implications for this type of collaboration. The first implication is that professors have been indicated to accept money for producing content related to the financial prosperity of a country or region, without indicati ng this in the document itself. The significant ethical implications behind this are that the content is biased yet the professor is using his university’s reputation as a means of supporting his claims.

Entrepreneurship & Small Business Management Duerr's Jam Essay

Entrepreneurship & Small Business Management Duerr's Jam - Essay Example The best time to evaluate environmental conditions is prior to making a location commitment. Many states offer company location incentives. One strategy is to establish enterprise zones in order to bring jobs to economically deprived areas. Sponsored by local city/country governments, these zones lure businesses by offering regulatory and tax relief. In exchange for locating or expanding in these areas, eligible business firms receive total exemption from the property taxes normally assessed on a new plant and equipment for three to five years. Locating in an enterprise zone will not solve problems created by poor management or make up for an ill-conceived idea. However, enterprise zones can be used as catalyst to help, jump-start a small firm. Personal Preference of the Entrepreneur: As a practical matter, many entrepreneurs tend to discount customer accessibility, business environment conditions, and resource availability and consider only their personal preference in locating a business. Often, their personal preference is their home community; the possibility of locating elsewhere never enters their mind. Background: Fred and Mary Duerr founded their jam- and marmalade- making business in Heywood, Lancashire, in 1881. Mary prepared the preserves in her kitchen and using her own family recipes, while Fred delivered the filled jars by handcart to the local Co-operative Society and other shops. In 1884 production was moved into a factory building at Guide Bridge, North Manchester; but the business expanded so rapidly that in 1890 Fred commissioned a new model jam and marmalade factory at Old Trafford. ... expanded so rapidly that in 1890 Fred commissioned a new model jam and marmalade factory at Old Trafford. The site there is still occupied by Duerr's, now under the direction of Fred and Mary's great-grandsons and his two sons. Business Description:F Duerr & Sons was established in 1881. It deals in food conservatives which include products like jams including reduced sugar jams; conserves; fruit spreads; marmalades and reduced sugar marmalades; peanut butter and fruit curds as well as condiments such as apple sauce. The brand is most prominent within the marmalade sector, with almost 6% market share, and 3.2 million in sales. However, its share has declined from almost 9% in the year 2000 to 5.5% in 2004, representing a decline in sales of 42% over the four year period. This is at a much faster rate than the category as a whole of 6.5%. In April 2003, Duerr's introduced Half Sugar marmalade which contains half the sugar but 50% more fruit, which is suitable for diabetics and can be used as part of a calorie controlled diet. In December 2004, Duerr's launched a range of premium marmalades under the name Mary Berry, a well-known cookery writer. The range comprises three flavors: orange & apricot, ruby red grapefruit, and thick cut marmalade with muscovado sugar. The company is attempting to attract new users with new product launches within the marmalade category. Within the jam sector, Duerr's accounts for just 1% of jam sales, less than 1 million in sales. The company is also represented within the peanut butter sector with the Kernel King brand which accounts for just 1% of sales. It is the only other branded lemon curd within

The Intensity Of Agglutination

The Intensity Of Agglutination Antibodies are proteins produced during bodies defence against foreign antigens and they are driven from plasma cells. In the event of an immune response B lymphocytes initiate the production of IgM antibody. In comparison to other immunoglobulins IgM is the largest and earliest antibody available in response to an antigen (Bailey Johnson, 2006). The large structure of this antibody is because it consists of an additional domain in its constant area (Overfield et al, 2007). This antibody has a polymeric structure it consists of heavy and light chains. The binding between two heavy chains or between heavy and light chains is facilitated via the disulphide bond. IgM antibody has a pentameric structure consisting of five subunits. These subunits are joined together via a disulphide bond which occurs between the Fc region and the intersubunit, interasubunit- J chain. Two fab antigen binding sites are available on each IgM monomer and since IgM has a pentameric structure ten Fab antigen binding sites are available that can potentially interact with ten antigens (Overfield et al, 2007)(Khurana, 2006). The initial aim of this practical was to discover if red blood cell antigens can interact with IgM anti-D (Rh) antibody and weather as a consequence of this interaction agglutination occurs. The second aim was to discover weather dithiothreitol (DTT) reducing agents is capable of altering the structure of IgM antibody at different concentration hence affecting the level of agglutination and finally to discover if indirect anti-IgM antibody is capable of facilitating agglutination. The large and pentameric structure of IgM antibody can potentiate the possibility of its interaction with red blood cell antigens resulting in formation of agglutination. Material Method For instructions on how to conduct the experiment with the relevant materials used please refer to the practical schedule. The concentrations of DTT added to the nine tubes where as following (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009 0.01). Results Table 1: The above table illustrates the number of tubes labelled from 1-10 and the concentrations of DTT in (Mol/L). As illustrated in the above table the control tube which is tube 1 lacked DTT while tubes which were numbered as (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7) consisted of different concentrations of DTT as shown here (0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006 0.007). According to the first observation results tubes numbered 1-7 expressed signs of agglutination as indicated by a positive sign (+). Instead tubes numbered (8, 9 10) which had the following DTT concentrations (0.007, 0.008 0.009) expressed no indications of agglutination hence they were marked as negative (-). Due to time limitations results for the second antibody labelling could not be obtained. Discussion The intensity of agglutination in these tubes depended on the concentration of DTT. The control tube which is tube 1 is DTT deficient which is accompanied with agglutination. Tubes labelled 2-7 express different concentrations of DTT starting from the lowest hence escalating slowly. In these tubes agglutination is still observed since the effect of DTT is still not strong enough to break the bonds expressed in IgM antibody while as the concentration of DTT escalates further in tubes 8-10 agglutination is not evidenced. DTT is a reducing agent capable of mediating intersubunit and interasubunit-J chain cleavage hence facilitating IgM subunit (Â µ2ÃŽÂ »2) synthesis (Kownatzki Drescher, 1973). As the concentration of DTT escalates its capability to break these bonds with greater intensity increases as seen in tubes 8-10 leading to greater IgM subunit formation (Â µ2ÃŽÂ »2) and lessens the possibility of antigen antibody interaction hence lack of agglutination. In addition DTT a ffects the structure of IgM heavy and light chains by preventing them from unfolding and causes this chain too separate accordingly leading to agglutination deficiency. A continuous raise in DTT concentration as evidenced in tubes 8-10 causes a decline the probability of disulphide bonds from resuming their function in IgM antibody (Valetti Sitia, 1994). According to the study conducted by (Marrodan et al, 2001 Morris et al, 1974) DTT reducing agent restrains agglutination from occurring by facilitating the disulphide bond located in the IgM antibody to break. In addition the 19 S IgM antibody is cleaved by DTT into a 7S subunit. The 7S antibody subunits are rendered incapable of maintaining IgM antibodys function and therefore wont be able to interact with red blood cell antigens leading to lack of agglutination (Knight, 1978). Due to time limitation for the experiment results for the second antibody labelling could not be obtained. According to (Overfield et al, 2007) the lacking agglutination as a consequence of DTT effect can be reversed by adding anti-IgM antibody hence signs of agglutination will appear but the extent of agglutination will depend on whether the IgM antibody subunits have maintained their ability to bind to red blood cells antigen or due to high level of DTT concentration they have been completely deformed. According to the study conducted by (Emmerich et al, 2006) IgM antibody can be used in the diagnosis of Lassa virus infection which is highly predominant in Western African patients. This diagnosis is achieved via using reverse enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) technique to identify anti-Lassa IgM antibody. The result of this study implemented that via using reverse ELISA in 20 patients with sign of fever high level of anti-Lassa IgM antibody was diagnosed indicating the presence of the Lassa virus. In a study conducted by (Varsano et al, 1995) the presence of IgM antibody against respiratory syncytial virus antigen (RSV) was examined in 145 patients via using the ELISA technique. According to the result of this study ELISA-IgM antibody detection is a highly efficient method in the diagnosis of RSV at early stage of the disease. In another study by (Tsuda et al, 2001) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect for the presence of IgM antibody against TT virus (TTV) in the diagnosis of human circovirus. The result of this experiment suggests that healthy volunteers were defective of anti-TTV IgM antibody whereas infected individuals showed signs of its presence suggesting that this method is beneficial for diagnosis purposes of human circovirus. Immunoglobulin cleavage can be triggered via the action of different enzymes or chemicals. Papain is an enzyme that cleaves IgG antibody into three segments of FC, heavy and light chains. Furthermore IgM antibody can be cleaved by pepsin enzyme either into an antibody that weights less accompanied with FC fragments (Rudmann, 2005)(Svehag et al, 1969). Protease enzyme is driven from Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria capable of cleaving IgA antibody (Pouedras et al, 1992). According to (Akesson et al, 2006) streptococcus pyogenes bacteria is responsible in mediating diseases such as gotonsillitis, septicaemia and it intervenes its action by causing IgG antibody cleavage via using an enzyme called Ides. The action of this virus is to insure that the antibody is unavailable to destroy the bacteria. Furthermore trypsin is another enzyme capable of cleaving IgM antibody at temperature above 50 C leading to different FC fragment synthesis (Andrew et al, 1970). Conclusion Normally red blood cell antigens are capable of interacting with IgM antibody resulting in agglutination while in the presence of DTT reducing agent this binding is inhibited leading to lack of agglutination. The extent of this inhibition will depend on the concentration of DTT and the extend of IgM J chain, interchain intrachain cleavage via DTT. The greater the concentration of DTT the stronger its effect is on this chain which lessens the likelihood of this chain regaining their binding capacity hence their ability to regain antigen binding activity. The concept of antigen antibody binding can be used for the diagnosis purpose of many diseases.